Issues and practice
Ø Policies in place, but are they implemented?
§ In practice, teachers choose
§ Students learn current usage
Ø NS vs NNS and L1 vs L2
§ or highly proficient users (and other terms now irrelevant)?
Ø Selling ourselves as specialists
§ Aim to meet expectations
§ How do we explain issues to clients? Is a backstory required?
§ Use conventions, databases, rules, style guides, standard and neutral forms
· but neutral is misleading term
· databases are different and moves towards consistency will be difficult
Ø What influences us?
§ frequency, data
§ we follow the world
Ø How important is accuracy?
§ Accuracy is sometimes essential (e.g. economical/economy)
§ Inaccuracies sometimes only cause slight misunderstandings

Mixed usage
Ø BrE and NAmE are used for specific purposes and audiences
Ø similar issues with differences between Dutch and Flemish
Ø English as a global language
§ English and the internet are international
§ consistently inconsistent and tolerance for inconsistencies
§ English is the lingua academia

Ø Nuffic glossary - policy is neutral but with preference for BrE
Ø Erasmus - central policy BrE but faculties (e.g. RSM) use NamE
Ø Radboud – issues of proximity
Ø RuG – some personal choice, e.g. President/Rector Magnificus
Ø Twente – BrE policy but reality is mixed usage

British English
Ø Identification issues, political issues, cultural/linguistic imperialism

American English
Ø Default spelling checker
Ø Only two EU universities have NAmE policy
Ø Eindhoven – policy is NAmE English
§ difference between BrE and NAmE are downplayed
§ related to connection with Stanford

Dutch English becoming established
Ø write an ‘advice’
Ø 6-8 universities are using Binding Study Advice (BSA)
Ø translating Dutch concepts and seeking accurate terms